My statement is succinct and clear. I simply pointed out a few areas of interest that counter the authors assumptions. Look up material memory (i.e. metal memory). I am simply poking at the author of this article on several levels. Lastly, what are the origins of synthetic or natural rubber? For what it is worth, look up plant memory. What are the origins of rock? Lastly, Life is an ebbing and flowing flux of electrical energy. If you take the isolationistic approach and try to separate things with a flawed homo sapien brain it only spells disaster. Why is axiomatic scientific unity so hard to swallow? In concluding, I find it absolutely astounding that the author espouses as to what has a soul and to what is lacking there of. Amazing insight! You don't say?